In 31 BC, at the Battle of Actium, Octavian and Agrippa defeated Antony and his mistress, Cleopatra VII of Egypt. The engagement never led to a marriage because civil war broke out. It was sealed with an engagement: Antony's ten-year-old son Marcus Antonius Antyllus was to marry Julia, then two years old. In 37 BC, during Julia's early childhood, Octavian's friends Gaius Maecenas and Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa concluded an agreement with Octavian's great rival Mark Antony. Macrobius preserves a remark of Augustus: "There are two wayward daughters that I have to put up with: the Roman commonwealth and Julia." However, Octavian had a great affection for his daughter and made sure she had the best teachers available. Julia's social life was severely controlled, and she was allowed to talk only to people whom her father had vetted. Macrobius mentions 'her love of literature and considerable culture, a thing easy to come by in that household'. Thus, in addition to her studies, Suetonius informs us, she was taught spinning and weaving. Her education appears to have been strict and somewhat old-fashioned. Once she became old enough, she was sent to live with her stepmother Livia and began her education as an aristocratic Roman girl. Octavian, in accordance with Roman custom, claimed complete parental control over her. Octavian divorced Julia's mother the day of her birth and took Julia from her soon thereafter. Julia resulted from Augustus' second marriage with Scribonia, her birth occurring on the same day as Scribonia's divorce from Augustus, who wished to marry Livia Drusilla.Īt the time of Julia's birth, Augustus had not yet received the title "Augustus" and was known as Octavian until 27 BC, when Julia was 12. Augustus subsequently adopted several male members of his close family as sons. FILIA) was the daughter and only natural child of Augustus, the first emperor of the Roman Empire.Julia the Elder (30 October 39 BC - 14 AD), known to her contemporaries as Julia Caesaris filia or Julia Augusti filia (Classical Latin: IVLIA Marriage 1 Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa b: 63 BC After sixteen years of imprisonment, she died. One of her lovers, a son of Antony, was forced to kill himself, and several others were exiled. As a result her father, the Emperor, finally was forced to banish her to the island of Pandateria. Julia is reported to have had many illicit affairs along with her formal marriages. (3) Tiberius, son of Livia (forced to obtain a divorce from his pregnant wife, Vipsania Agrippina, daughter of Agrippa), with no issue. Julia was eighteen and Agrippa forty-two. Vipsanius Agrippa, who had been persuaded by the Emperor to obtain a divorce from his wife. Marcellus, son of Octavia, (Julia persuaded Octavia to allow the divorce of her son in order for this marriage to take place), but there was no issue, and two years after the marriage, Marcellus died. She married at the age of fourteen (1) M. Glorious, sure, but also sort of ridiculous, like the opening ceremonies of the Olympics only with way more blood.Julia the Elder, born 39 B.C to Augustus and Scribonia. You can probably imagine just how much money this spectacle cost the Roman empire, which is likely why the event only happened a handful of times over the next couple centuries. We're not talking about a swimming pool-sized hole, but a hole big enough for two fleets of naval vessels manned by 4,000 slaves and 2,000 "crew members" who were mostly prisoners of war or people who had been sentenced to death. To stage the first naumachia, Caesar had his people dig a hole and fill it with water from the Tiber River. So he devised a novel new form of entertainment, called naumachia, which it will probably not surprise you to hear was yet another glorious spectacle of fantastic death. According to National Geographic, after he defeated his pal-turned-rival Pompey the Great, Caesar headed home with his cameleopard, a bunch of elephants carrying torches, and "practically the entire populace escorting him," but later decided his homecoming hadn't been fancy enough.
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